11/1/2022 0 Comments Biology signal path ways![]() ![]() ![]() Here, we summarize the prominent features and mechanisms regulating such intramembrane cleavages and provide examples supporting the central involvement of the LPD as a signaling messenger controlling numerous biological processes including apoptosis, cell differentiation and proliferation, and neurogenesis. This liberated protein domain (LPD) is often a very labile moiety and for many instances of RIP is designed to act as a signaling messenger at discrete locations both within and beyond the parent cell ( 7). A relatively recently identified cell signaling strategy employed by an ever increasing number of recognized membrane proteins occurs via a process known as regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP), a highly regulated proteolytic processing event in which an integral membrane protein is ultimately cleaved within its transmembrane domain to yield a soluble protein fragment. Receptor-dependent cell signaling, i.e., the transfer and propagation of external cues across the lipid bilayer by signaling-competent proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer, occurs by a transduction mechanism that utilizes specific messenger molecules that act as conduits to relay information to defined subcellular destinations. Although these lipid barriers serve to isolate their enclosed volumes from the surrounding aqueous milieu, they are also engineered to facilitate the selective communication and transmission of information between compartments. Within cells, the membrane-bound organelles represent sets of compartments isolated from the surrounding environment that are capable of autonomous functionality. Cells are dynamic functional units that maintain an intact plasma membrane to ensure proper cellular homeostasis. ![]()
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